Assessing Conservative Treatment Options for Odontogenic Keratocyst in a 12-Year-Old Patient, with 1-Year Follow-up.

The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a frequently developing odontogenic cyst that accounts for 10%-14% of all jaw cysts. Due to the high recurrence rate, aggressive therapeutic techniques such as jaw resection and marsupialization are indicated. Following a conservative marsupialization procedure in which Carnoy's solution and an iodoform packing were used, the clinical, radiological, and histological evaluation of OKC in a 12-year-old female patient revealed no evidence of recurrence over the subsequent year of follow-up.

Delayed diagnosis of advanced stage Leukemia in Two Pediatric Patients with Oral Manifestation.

Background: Leukemia is a disease in which hematopoietic stem cell mutation leads to the uncontrolled growth of immature blood cells. These abnormal cells, which displace healthy cells, are the reason for the bone marrow's failure and demise. Objective: To report unnoticed cases of delayed Leukemia in two patients. Case Report: A 9-year-old male and 14-year-old female born to a non-consanguineous marriage presented with oral manifestations after getting dental treatment in their native place. Acute Leukemia was suspected based on their total blood count. Conclusions: Understanding the unusual symptoms and signs of acute Leukemia aids in early identification and effective patient care. Key words:Hematologic Neoplasms, Classification, Incidence, Diagnosis, Child, Young Adult.

In Vitro evaluation of remineralization potential of novamin on artificially induced carious lesions in primary teeth using scanning electron microscope and vickers hardness.

AIMS: The objective of this in vitro study was to find out the efficacy of Novamin in remineralizing enamel surface on which artificial caries lesion had been created. The changes were analyzed using Vickers Hardness Testing Machine and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A total of 40 primary teeth were selected and divided into two groups: Control group and SHY NM (Novamin). All the samples were subjected to ph cycle protocol and assessed using Vickers Hardness Testing Machine and Scanning electron microscope. Each demineralized sample was randomly divided into two groups: Gp I -Control group, Gp II - Novamin (SHY NM). After 10-day period of ph cycle, the obtained data was analyzed statistically. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Pre and post groups were compared by paired t test. The significance of mean difference between the groups was done by Tukey's post hoc test after ascertaining normality by Shapiro-Wilk (W) test and homogeneity of variance by Levene's test. A two-tailed P value less than 0.05 (P < 0.05) was considered statistically significant. All analyses were performed on SPSS software (Windows version 17.0). RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed that bioactive glass (novamin) remineralizes artificially induced carious lesion in primary teeth. CONCLUSIONS: SHY NM (Novamin) exhibited superior remineralization potential.

Hypothyroidism and Sturge-Weber Syndrome associated with Bilateral Port-wine Nevus.

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare, nonhereditary developmental condition that is characterized by a hamartomatous vascular proliferation of the brain, resulting in multiple angiomas that occur on the same side due to arteriovenous malformations. It is believed to be caused by persistence of a vascular plexus around the cephalic portion of the neural tube and is present at birth in about 1 in every 50,000 babies. It is one of the phakomatoses which is often associated with port-wine stains (PWSs) of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma. Many people with SWS probably never know they have it. Hypothyroidism is a condition that arises from inadequate release of thyroid-stimulating hormone to stimulate an otherwise normal thyroid gland. This condition is often associated with a deficient secretion of other pituitary hormone, and growth hormone deficiency occurs with an increased prevalence in SWS, presumably secondary to involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Diagnosis is made by the presence of a facial PWS and evidence of leptomeningeal angioma either by skull X-ray or computed tomography scan that shows intracranial calcifications. Presently, there is no specific treatment for SWS, and the management of the clinical manifestations and complications is still far from adequate. Here, we report the case of hypothyroidism associated with SWS with oral and facial manifestations in an 11-year-old boy. How to cite this article: Saroj G, Gangwar A, Dhillon JK. Hypothyroidism and Sturge-Weber Syndrome associated with Bilateral Port-wine Nevus. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(1): 82-85.

An Immature Type II Dens Invaginatus in a Mandibular Lateral Incisor with Talon's Cusp: A Clinical Dilemma to Confront.

Dens invaginatus (DI) is a malformation of teeth probably resulting from an infolding of the dental papilla during tooth development. DI is classified as type I, II, and III by Oehlers depending on the severity of malformation. The maxillary lateral incisor is the most commonly affected tooth. Structural defects do exist in the depth of the invagination pits, and as a consequence, the early development of caries and the subsequent necrosis of the dental pulp, as well as abscess and cyst formation are clinical implications associated with DI. Occasionally, we can see more than one developmental anomaly occurring in a single tooth. In such cases it becomes important to identify the anomalies and initiate a proper treatment plan for good prognosis. In this paper, an unusual case of DI which clinically presented as a huge talons cusp affecting a mandibular lateral incisor tooth is described. This case report illustrates grinding of the talons cusp followed by nonsurgical endodontic management of dens invaginatus type II with an immature apex and periapical lesions, in which Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) shows a complete periapical healing with bone formation at the site of the lesions.

Antimicrobial effectiveness of different preparations of calcium hydroxide.

BACKGROUND: Intracanal medicaments have an antibacterial effect on the root canal flora. The effectiveness of such vehicles has to be tested and substantiated against the normal bacterial flora. The various vehicles that were tested for their effectiveness were commercially prepared calcium hydroxide (Metapex), saline, glycerine, CMCP, and Rexidine-M gel. The bacterial cultures tested for sensitivity were aerobes (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus pyogens, Enterococcus faecalis), anaerobes (Lactobacillus, Bacteroides melaninogenicus) and a commonly found fungus (Candida albicans). One hundred and twenty-five samples were divided into five experimental groups consisting of 21 samples each and one control group of the same size. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the influence of four different vehicles on the effectiveness of calcium hydroxide against the commonly found aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in endodontic infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The samples were taken and transported using standardized techniques and pure growth of each bacterium was isolated. Petri dishes were prepared for the various calcium hydroxide combinations for each bacterium and incubated. The inhibition zone was recorded at three intervals of 24, 96 and 168 hours. Results were tabulated and sent for statistical analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: It was seen that calcium hydroxide and CMCP combination showed the maximum zone of inhibition, and maximum inhibitory effect was seen at 24 hours. The bacteria most susceptible was found to be S. aureus and the least susceptible was E. faecalis. Further clinical studies are required to substantiate these results.